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Pestarella tyrrhena
''Pestarella tyrrhena'' (formerly ''Callianassa tyrrhena'') is a species of thalassinidean crustacean (''ghost shrimp'' or ''mud shrimp'') which grows to a length of . It lives in burrows in shallow sandy parts of the sea-bed in the Mediterranean Sea and northern Atlantic Ocean. It is the most common thalassinidean in the Mediterranean, and has been used as bait by fishermen for at least 200 years.〔
==Description==
''P. tyrrhena'' is a small crustacean, up to long, with a soft exoskeleton apart from two large, unequal claws. It is whitish or greenish-grey, with pink or blue spots. Because of its burrowing lifestyle, ''P. tyrrhena'' has small eyes on short stalks, and its maxillipeds can form an operculum; the telson is very short, and the rostrum is almost entirely absent.〔
Larval development is rapid and involves few stages. Eggs hatch into a zoeal stage, which is followed by a second zoea and then a megalopa stage before adulthood. This rapid development allows the larvae to settle down into their adult habitat of relatively undisturbed muddy substrates,〔 before they have travelled too far as planktonic larvae. Larval development is retarded by low salinities and aided by warmer temperatures, giving ''P. tyrrhena'' a shorter reproductive season in the north of its range than in the south.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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